CBSE 12th Exam 2025: Result (Out), Toppers, Marksheet, Merit List

Science: Unit 01

• Chemical reactions: Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical equation, types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, endothermic exothermic reactions
• Chemical reactions: Oxidation and reduction
• Acids, bases and salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH-ions, general properties, examples and uses, neutralization, concept of pH scale (definition relating to logarithm not required), importance of pH in everyday life
• Acids, bases and salts: Importance of pH in everyday life; preparation and uses of sodium hydroxide, bleaching powder, baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris. Metals and nonmetals-properties of metals and non-metals; react
• Metals and nonmetals: Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series; formation and properties of ionic compounds; Basic metallurgical processes; Corrosion and its prevention
• Carbon compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds. Versatile nature of carbon. Homologous series. Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes and alkynes
• Carbon compounds: Difference between saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition and substitution reaction). Ethanol and Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses)
• Carbon compounds: Soaps and detergents

Science: Unit 02

• Life processes: ‘Living being’. Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion in plants and animals
• Control and coordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants; introduction of plant hormones; Control and coordination in animals: Nervous system; Voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical coordination-animal hormones
• Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual) reproductive health-need and methods of family planning. safed sex vs HIV/AIDS. Child bearing and women’s health
• Heredity and evolution: Heredity; Mendel’s contribution-laws for inheritance of traits-sex determination: brief introduction: (topics excluded-evolution; evolution and classification and evolution should not be equated with progress)

Science: Unit 03

• Reflection of light by curved surfaces; images formed by spherical mirrors, centre of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (derivation not required),magnification
• Refraction; laws of refraction, refractive index
• Refraction of light by spherical lens; image formed by spherical lenses; lens formula (derivation not required); magnification
• Power of a lens
• Functioning of a lens in human eye, defects of vision and their corrections, applications of spherical mirrors and lenses
• Refraction of light through a prism, dispersion of light, scattering of light, applications in daily life (excluding colour of the sun at sunrise and sunset)

Science: Unit 04

• Electric current, potential difference and electric current
• Ohm’s law; resistance, resistivity, factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends
• Series combination of resistors, parallel combination of resistors and its applications in daily life
• Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life
• Electric power, interrelation between P, V, I and R
• Magnetic effects of current: Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid; Force on current carrying conductor
• Magnetic effects of current: Force on current carrying conductor, Fleming’s left hand rule, direct current. Alternating current-frequency of AC. Advantage of AC over DC. Domestic electric circuits

Science: Unit 05

• Our environment: Eco-system, environmental problems, ozone depletion, waste production and their solutions. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances

Social science: Unit 01

• The rise of nationalism in Europe
• Nationalism in India
• The making of a global world: The premodern world, 19th century 1815 -1914, the inter- war economy, rebuilding of world economy- the post war era
• The age of industrialisation
• Print culture and the modern world

Social science: Unit 02

• Power-sharing
• Federalism
• Gender, religion and caste
• Political parties
• Outcomes of democracy

Social science: Unit 03

• Resources and development
• Forest and wildlife resources
• Water resources
• Agriculture
• Minerals and energy resources
• Manufacturing industries
• Life lines of national economy

Social science: Unit 04

• Development
• Sectors of the Indian economy
• Money and credit
• Globalization and the Indian economy: What is globalization? actors that have enabled globalisation

Arabic: Unit 01

• Unseen passage of simple arabic (about 80 words)

Arabic: Unit 02

• Short paragraph/ application/ letter in Arabic
• Use of word in sentences
• Fill in the blanks
• Correction of sentences

Arabic: Unit 03

• Grammar: (i) F’il, Fail and Maf’ool Bihi, (ii) Marfoo’aat ( Mubthada, Khabr, Faa’l, Naa’ib Fail, Ism Kaa’na wa akhawat, Khabr Inna wa akhawat), (iii) Mansoobaat ( Mafoo’l, Khal, Kabr Kaa’na wa akhawat, Ism Inna wa akhawat)
• Grammar: (iv) Pronouns (Muttasil wa Munfasil), (v) Dual, (vi) Huroof Al-Nawaasib or Al-Jawaazim (vii) Jam’ Saalim and Jam’ Makassar, viii) Number of words 1-10 with their Ma’dood
• Translation of simple sentences of arabic into english, hindi, or urdu and vice-versa

Arabic: Unit 04

• Prose and poetry

Assamese: Unit 01

Assamese: Unit 02

Assamese: Unit 03

Assamese: Unit 04

Bahasa Melayu: Unit 01

Bahasa Melayu: Unit 02

Bahasa Melayu: Unit 03

Bahasa Melayu: Unit 04

Bengali: Unit 01

• Comprehension: Three direct questions from given passage. Forth question should be grammar based (sandhi, opposite word, synonyms & sadhu-chalit )

Bengali: Unit 02

Bengali: Unit 03

Bengali: Unit 04

• Letters to the editor
• Paragraph writing

Bhoti: Unit 01

Bhoti: Unit 02

Bhoti: Unit 03

Bhoti: Unit 04

Bhutia: Unit 01

Bhutia: Unit 02

Bhutia: Unit 03

Bhutia: Unit 04

Bhutia: Unit 05

Bodo: Unit 01

Bodo: Unit 02

• Story writing
• Diary writing
• Notice writing
• News writing
• Travelogue

Bodo: Unit 03

Bodo: Unit 04

Bodo: Unit 05

English-language and literature: Unit 01

• Reading comprehension through unseen passage: Discursive passage. Case-based factual passage (with visual input- statistical data, chart etc.)

English-language and literature: Unit 02

• Grammar: Tenses, modals, subject-verb concord, reported speech-commands and requests, statements, questions

English-language and literature: Unit 03

• Formal letter
• Analytical
• Application for leave/ change of subject /change of section/ bus-timings or similar topics

English-language and literature: Unit 04

• Drama / prose
• Poetry

English-language and literature: Unit 05

• Tenses, modals, subject-verb concord, reported speech: Commands and requests, statement, questions
• Clauses: Noun clauses, adverb clauses, relative clauses
• Determiners: Gap filling, editing or omission, sentences reordering or sentence transformation in context

English-language and literature: Unit 06

French: Unit 01

• One unseen prose passage (factual/descriptive)

French: Unit 02

• One long composition (informal letter) based on the main themes given in lessons 2-8, 10
• Two short compositions: Message, re-arranging a dialogue in logical sequence, completing a text with the help of clues provided

French: Unit 03

• Verbs

French: Unit 04

• Short answer questions

German: Unit 01

• Comprehension

German: Unit 02

German: Unit 03

• Past tense
• Adjective endings with and without articles (nominative, accusative)
• Relative pronouns with prepositions, relative pronouns “wo”, “was”
• Prepositions
• Conjunctions
• Adjective in comparative, superlative forms

Gurung: Unit 01

Gurung: Unit 02

Gurung: Unit 03

Gurung: Unit 04

Gurung: Unit 05

Gurung: Unit 06

• Essay writing
• Letter writing
• Translation English to Gurung

Kashmiri: Unit 01

Kashmiri: Unit 02

• Suffix prefix words
• Tenses
• Genders
• Numbers

Kashmiri: Unit 03

• Seen comprehension
• Prose and poem passage on seen paragraph based on 100-150 words
• Poets & writers , summary, genres, textual questions , fill in the blanks, book work

Kashmiri: Unit 04

• Essay writing
• Story writing
• Letter writing

Kokborok: Unit 01

Kokborok: Unit 02

Kokborok: Unit 03

Kokborok: Unit 04

Lepcha: Unit 01

Lepcha: Unit 02

Lepcha: Unit 03

Limbo: Unit 01

Limbo: Unit 02

Malayalam: Unit 01

• Comprehension of unseen passage
• Vocabulary building
• Prose & poetry
• Transformation of sentences

Malayalam: Unit 02

• Essay writing, letter writing, report writing for , newspaper. (Simple events / incidents)
• Prose, poetry, supplementary.

Manipur: Unit 01

Manipur: Unit 02

• Composition: 1) Essay writing, 2. Letter writing , 3. Amplification , 4. Sub-skill: Application writing; notice writing , 5. Phrase and idioms

Manipur: Unit 03

• Manipuri diphthongs
• Manipuri consonant cluster
• Free variation
• Syllable
• Root, morpheme
• Case and Affixes
• Sentence type (simple, complex & compound)

Manipur: Unit 04

Mizo: Unit 01

Mizo: Unit 02

• Noun
• Pronoun
• Verb
• Adjective
• Adverb
• Postposition
• Conjunction
• Interjection

Mizo: Unit 03

• Essay writing
• Translation from english to Mizo
• Short story writing
• Letter writing: Personal, formal & informal

Mizo: Unit 04

Nepali: Unit 01

Nepali: Unit 02

Nepali: Unit 03

Odia: Unit 01

Odia: Unit 02

Odia: Unit 03

Odia: Unit 04

Persian: Unit 01

Persian: Unit 02

Persian: Unit 03

Persian: Unit 04

Rai: Unit 01

Rai: Unit 02

Rai: Unit 03

Rai: Unit 04

Russian: Unit 01

Russian: Unit 02

• Essay: My favorite sport, Why I learn Russian language, An excursion to anyplace, Mosco, My favorite book, My favorite festival, My Favorite Subject

Russian: Unit 03

• Application of cases as used in the prescribed texts
• Use of adjectives in all cases
• Use of “Kotori” in different cases
• Aspects of verbs (including applications of past and future tenses)
• Translation from Russian into English and vice versa

Russian: Unit 04

Sanskrit: Unit 01

Sanskrit communicative: Unit 01

Sindhi: Unit 01

Sindhi: Unit 02

Sindhi: Unit 03

Sindhi: Unit 04

• Eight parts of speech with their kinds, main tense and their kinds, transformation of words (abstract, noun, synonyms, opposite words etc., active, passive and impersonal voice)

Sindhi: Unit 05

Spanish: Unit 01

Sherpa: Unit 01

Sherpa: Unit 02

Sherpa: Unit 03

Sherpa: Unit 04

Tamang: Unit 01

Tamang: Unit 02

Tamang: Unit 03

Tamang: Unit 04

Tangkhul: Unit 01

• Comprehension (unseen)
• Letter writing
• Precis/Paragraph
• Notice

Tangkhul: Unit 02

• Etymology and phonetics
• Sentence
• Homograph
• Adjective
• Verb
• Adverb

Tangkhul: Unit 03

Telugu AP: Unit 01

Telugu AP: Unit 02

Telugu AP: Unit 03

Telugu AP: Unit 04

Tibetan: Unit 01

• Comprehension of a seen and an unseen passage extracted from stories, notes and biographies

Tibetan: Unit 02

• Composition and Letter writing purchasing, invitation, letter to newspaper editor lesson no. 8-9
• Essay writing on descriptive topic e.g.: Festivals, journey scenes etc
• Translation English to Tibetan

Tibetan: Unit 03

Tibetan: Unit 04

Thai: Unit 01

• Unseen passage

Thai: Unit 02

• Creative writing: Short story writing with cues/writing poems, letter writing (formal / informal) writing an article/mind mapping short newspaper report
• Report writing/ dialogue writing

Thai: Unit 03

• Grammar: Types of nouns, sentence reordering, verb forms, classifier, consonant blends/ syllable, Pali/sanskrit, gap filling, synonyms & antonyms

Thai: Unit 04

• Culture & civilization reference to context short answers character sketch theory/ project based

Carnatic music (vocal): Unit 01

Carnatic music (vocal): Unit 02

Carnatic music (vocal): Unit 03

• Suddha, Dhanyasi, Sriranjani, Suddha Saveri, Bhairavi Keeravani, Kambhoji, Ananda Bhairav

Carnatic music (vocal): Unit 04

• Tana Varnam & Pada Varnam

Carnatic music (vocal): Unit 05

Carnatic music (vocal): Unit 06

• Otis varIyar
• Papanasam Sivan
• G.N.Balasubramaniam

Carnatic music (melodic instruments): Unit 01

Carnatic music (melodic instruments): Unit 02

Carnatic music (melodic instruments): Unit 03

Carnatic music (melodic instruments): Unit 04

Carnatic music (melodic instruments): Unit 05

Carnatic music (melodic instruments): Unit 06

Carnatic music (melodic instruments): Unit 07

Carnatic music (percussion instruments): Unit 01

Carnatic music (percussion instruments): Unit 02

Carnatic music (percussion instruments): Unit 03

Carnatic music (percussion instruments): Unit 04

Carnatic music (percussion instruments): Unit 05

Carnatic music (percussion instruments): Unit 06

Carnatic music (percussion instruments): Unit 07

Hindustani music (melodic instruments): Unit 01

• Aalap, Taan, Meend, Kan

Hindustani music (melodic instruments): Unit 02

• Dhrupad, Masitkhani Gat, Razakhani Gat

Hindustani music (melodic instruments): Unit 03

• Sitar Sarod Violin, Dilruba or Esraj Flute, Mandolin Guitar

Hindustani music (melodic instruments): Unit 04

• Khamaj, Brindavani Sarang, Bhupali

Hindustani music (melodic instruments): Unit 05

Hindustani music (melodic instruments): Unit 06

Hindustani music (melodic instruments): Unit 07

Hindustani music (melodic instruments): Unit 08

Hindustani music (melodic instruments): Unit 09

Hindustani music (percussion instruments): Unit 01

• Farmaishi Chakradhar Tukra or Paran
• Short notes on Tripushkar Vadya

Hindustani music (percussion instruments): Unit 02

• Salient features of Farukhabad Gharana of Tabla or Nath Dwara Gharana of Pakhawaj

Hindustani music (percussion instruments): Unit 03

• Kayda or Rela, Tukra, or Paran, in Teentala or Adi Tala and Jhaptaal or Sultana with Tala Notation system
• Write one traditioal Kayda or Rela of anyone Gharanain Teentala or Adital with Tala notation system

Hindustani music (percussion instruments): Unit 04

• Ability to write the Thekas of Jhaptaal or Sultana, Ektala or Chautala in Thah, Dugun and Chaugunlaya

Painting: Unit 01

Painting: Unit 02

• Understanding and appropriate use of: (i) Tools, (ii) painting materials-poster colours, water colours, oil pastels and pencils

Painting: Unit 03

• Appreciation of Indian art covering selected paintings, sculptures and architectural glimpses: (a) Paintings-(i) Bodhisattva Padmapani (Ajanta), (b) Sculpture-(i) Ashokan Lion capital (Mauryan period)
• Appreciation of Indian art covering selected paintings, sculptures and architectural glimpses: (c) architecture (i)-Kailashnath Temple, (Ellora, Maharashtra)
• Indian folk art-paintings: Madhubani and War

Home science: Unit 01

• Play (birth-5 years), role of play in growth & development of children
• Types of playactive, passive, natural, serious and exploratory, selection of play material for children
• Childhood (3 to 11 years)-age specific milestones-physical, motor, social, emotional, cognitive and language
• Adolescents: Special features-physical and biological, motor, social, emotional, cognitive and language

Home science: Unit 02

• Time management-definition and importance
• Time plans-factors affecting time plan
• Energy management: Definition and importance
• Fatigue and work simplification

Home science: Unit 03

• Principles of hygienic handling and serving of food
• Hygiene in kitchen
• Personal hygiene of food handler
• Hygiene during food storage

Home science: Unit 04

• Concept of meal planning
• Factors affecting meal planning-age, sex, climate, occupation, cost of food items, number of family members, occasion, availability of food, family traditions, likes and dislikes
• Basic food groups given by ICMR
• Use of food groups in planning balanced meal for self and family

Home science: Unit 05

• Problems faced by consumer-price variation, poor quality, faulty weights and measures, non-availability of goods, misleading information, lack of standardized products
• Food adulteration: Concept, adulteration (metanil yellow, argemone, kesari dal) and harmful effects of these adulteration on human health
• Food safety standards-FSSAI (2006)

Home science: Unit 06

• Cleaning and finishing agents used in routine care of clothes
• Stain removal
• Storage of cotton, silk, wool and synthetics

Common subject: Unit 01

• Aim: To acquaint cadets with the aims and objectives of NCC
• Scope: Introduction, aims, organization and general information about NCC-(a) aims and objectives of NCC, (b) organization and training and NCC song,(c) incentives of joining NCC

Common subject: Unit 02

• Aim: To inculcate sense of patriotism, secular values and motivate cadets to contribute towards nation building through national unity and social cohesion
• Scope: The concepts of national interests, objectives and integration, unity in diversity and cultural heritage of India: (a) Freedom struggle and nationalist movement in India, (b) unity in diversity, (c) famous leaders of India

Common subject: Unit 03

• Aim: To train cadets to assist civil administration in performance of selective duties during disasters
• Scope: Basic information about civil defense organization and its duties, maintenanceof essential services and providing assistance to civil administration in varioustypes of emergencies during national disasters-(a) civil defense organization
• Scope: Basic information about civil defense organization and its duties, maintenanceof essential services and providing assistance to civil administration in varioustypes of emergencies during national disasters-(a) its duties/NDMA
• Scope: Basic information about civil defense organization and its duties, maintenanceof essential services and providing assistance to civil administration in varioustypes of emergencies during national disasters-(b) role of NCC during natural hazards
• Scope: Basic information about civil defense organization and its duties, maintenanceof essential services and providing assistance to civil administration in varioustypes of emergencies during national disasters-(b) calamities
• Scope: Basic information about civil defense organization and its duties, maintenanceof essential services and providing assistance to civil administration in varioustypes of emergencies during national disasters-(c) fire service and fire fighting

Common subject: Unit 04

• Aim: To inculcate a sense of discipline, improvebearing, smartness, antturnout and to develop the quality of immediate and implicit obedience to orders
• Scope: All important basic aspects of drill including ceremonial drill, drill with arms and words of command drill without arms-(a) general and words of command,(b) attention, stand at ease and stand easy, turning and inclining at the halt
• Scope: All important basic aspects of drill including ceremonial drill, drill with arms and words of command drill without arms-(c) saluting at the halt, (d) getting on parade, dismissing and falling out
• Scope: All important basic aspects of drill including ceremonial drill, drill with arms and words of command drill without arms-(e) turning on the march and wheeling, (f) individual word of command
• Saluting at the halt, (e) getting on parade, dismissing and falling out, (f)turning on the march and wheeling, (g) individual word of command

Common subject: Unit 05

• Aim: To give elementary knowledge about rifles
• Scope: Basic knowledge about rifleand firing-(a) characteristics of a rifle/rifle ammunition and its firepower, (b) the lying position and holding, aiming, range and figures target, (c) trigger control and firing a shot
• Scope: Basic knowledge about rifleand firing-(d) range precautions and safety precautions, (e) short range firing

Common subject: Unit 06

• Aim: To inculcate a sense of adventure and develop confidence, courage and determination
• Scope: To expose cadets to various adventure activiti-(a) trekking including selection of route and administrative planning, rock climbing

Common subject: Unit 07

• Aim: To develop an all-round dynamic personality with adequate leadership traits to deal/ contribute effectively in all walks of life
• Scope: Basic subjects of leadership with emphasis on self-awareness, life/soft skills, time management and character building-(a) introduction to personality development
• Scope: Basic subjects of leadership with emphasis on self-awareness, life/soft skills, time management and character building- (b) factors influencing/shaping personality-physical, social, psychological and philosophical, (c) critical and creativethinking
• Scope: Basic subjects of leadership with emphasis on self-awareness, life/soft skills, time management and character building-(d) communication skills-group discussions/lectures, (e) effects of leadership with historical examples
• Scope: Basic subjects of leadership with emphasis on self-awareness, life/soft skills, time management and character building-(f) problem solving skills
• Scope: Basic subjects of leadership with emphasis on self-awareness, life/soft skills, time management and character building-(g) importance of group and team work, (h) effective use of time, (i) coping with stress/ emotions

Common subject: Unit 08

• Aim: To teach cadets the values and skills involved in providing voluntary social service
• Scope: Understanding of social services and its needs, knowledge about the weaker sections of our society and their requirements, about NGOs and contribution of youth towards social welfare-(a)literacy enhancement and poverty alleviation
• Scope: Understanding of social services and its needs, knowledge about the weaker sections of our society and their requirements, about NGOs and contribution of youth towards social welfare-(b) Contribution of youth towards social welfare
• Scope: Understanding of social services and its needs, knowledge about the weaker sections of our society and their requirements, about NGOs and contribution of youth towards social welfare-(c) Civic responsibilities, (d) drug abuse and trafficking
• Scope: Understanding of social services and its needs, knowledge about the weaker sections of our society and their requirements, about NGOs and contribution of youth towards social welfare-(e) causes and prevention of HIV/AIDS, role of youth
• Scope: Understanding of social services and its needs, knowledge about the weaker sections of our society and their requirements, about NGOs and contribution of youth towards social welfare-(f) Social evils viz. dowry/female foeticide
• Scope: Understanding of social services and its needs, knowledge about the weaker sections of our society and their requirements, about NGOs and contribution of youth towards social welfare-(g)traffic control organization and anti-drunken driving
• Scope: Understanding of social services and its needs, knowledge about the weaker sections of our society and their requirements, about NGOs and contribution of youth towards social welfare-(h) provisions of child act

Common subject: Unit 09

• Aim: To instill respect and responsibility towards personal health and hygiene
• Scope: Basic information of the human body, maintenance of health and hygiene, sanitation, disease and an elementary knowledge of first aid and nursing-(a) structure and functioning ofthe human body
• Scope: Basic information of the human body, maintenance of health and hygiene, sanitation, disease and an elementary knowledge of first aid and nursing-(b) infectious and contagious diseases and its prevention
• Scope: Basic information of the human body, maintenance of health and hygiene, sanitation, disease and an elementary knowledge of first aid and nursing-(c) basics of first aid in common medical emergencies , (d) wounds and fractures
• Scope: Basic information of the human body, maintenance of health and hygiene, sanitation, disease and an elementary knowledge of first aid and nursing-(g) introduction to yoga and exercise

Common subject: Unit 10

• Aim: To sensitize the cadets on natural resource conservation and protection of environment
• Scope: Basic understanding of environment in general and waste management in particular, energy conservation, pollution control and wildlife conservation in particular-(a) natural resources-conservation and management
• Scope: Basic understanding of environment in general and waste management in particular, energy conservation, pollution control and wildlife conservation in particular-(b) water conservation and rainwater harvesting
• Scope: Basic understanding of environment in general and waste management in particular, energy conservation, pollution control and wildlife conservation in particular-(c)waste management, (d) pollution control water, air, noise, soil

Specialized subject (army): Unit 01

• Aim: To acquaint cadets with the armed forces
• Scope: Introductory and general information about the armed forces-(a) basic organization of armed forces, (b) organization of the army, (c) badges and ranks, (d) honors and awards (e) modes of entry into army

Specialized subject (army): Unit 02

• Aim: To provide knowledge of renowned military generals, PVCs and Indo-Pak wars
• Scope: Introduction to biographies, famous Indian battles and gallantry awards-(a) Indian army war heroes, (b) study of battles of Indo-Pakwar 1965, 1971 and Kargil

Specialized subject (army): Unit 03

• Aim: To teach cadet elementary map reading
• Scope: Basic understanding of map sheets and map reading instruments and development of capability to use them to carry out simple map reading-(a) introduction to types of maps and conventional signs, (b) topographical forms and technicalterms
• Scope: Basic understanding of map sheets and map reading instruments and development of capability to use them to carry out simple map reading-(c) topographical forms and technical terms, (d) cardinal points and types of north
• Scope: Basic understanding of map sheets and map reading instruments and development of capability to use them to carry out simple map reading-(e) types of bearings and use of service protractor

Specialized subject (army): Unit 04

• Aim: To teach cadets elementary fieldcraft and battle craft
• Scope: Basic fieldcraft and battle craf-(a) introduction (b) judging distance, (c) description of ground, (e) observation, camouflage and conceal ment, (f) fieldsignals, (g) use of ground and movement, (h) selection offormations (section formation)

Specialized subject (army): Unit 05

• Aim: To introduce cadets to the latest trends in the field of communications
• Scope: Types of communications and futuretrends-(a)means of communication

Specialized subject (navy): Unit 01

• Aim: To impart training on nnaval organization
• Scope: History of Indian naval organizations, rank structure, Indo-Pak war-1971 etc-(a) rank structure and badges-PBOR to MCPO and equivalent, (b) rank structure and badg-officers and equivalent, (c) Mode of entry into IN

Specialized subject (navy): Unit 02

• Aim: To impart basic knowledge of naval communication
• Scope: Introduction to visual communication-(a) Semaphore, use of semaphore, introduction of various letter position, Reading off semaphore message, (b) transmission of semaphore message

Specialized subject (navy): Unit 03

• Aim: To impart basic knowledge about seamanship
• Scope: Introduction to rigging, anchor work,partsof boats and accessories etc-(a) rigging, (b) fundamentals of steering-steering orders, reports and alteration of course, (c) parts of a Sail-types of sails, (d) parts of whaler and oar- pulling orders
• Scope: Introduction to rigging, anchor work,partsof boats and accessories etc-(e) Parts of a cadet class dingy-sailingterms

Specialized subject (navy): Unit 04

• Aim: To impart basic knowledge to naval communication
• Scope: Introduction to visual communication, (a) uses of maps and charts and its purpose, (b) instruments required for chartwork,(c) markings on chart, lighthouses, buoys

Specialized subject (navy): Unit 05

• Aim: To impart basic knowledge about ship modelling to cadets
• Scope: Basic knowledge about reading of diagrams and constriction of ship models-(a)practical training on static models, (b)preparation of hull construction, (c) preparation of superstructure

Specialized subject (air force): Unit 01

• Aim: To introduce air campaigns of air force-(a) Indo-Pak war-1971, (b) operation safed sagar

Specialized subject (air force): Unit 02

• Aim: To introduce various aircrafts of the air force
• Scope: Types, roles, variants of aircraft of the IAF-(a) fighters, (b) transport, (c) helicopters

Specialized subject (air force): Unit 03

• Aim: To provide knowledge about aeromodelling
• Scope: History of aeromodelling,materials used in different types of models-(a) materials used in aero-modelling, (b) types of aero-models, (c) flying/ building of aero-models

Specialized subject (air force): Unit 04

• Aim: To give basic knowledge of atmosphere
• Scope: Use of basic knowledge of atmosphere-atmosphere

Specialized subject (air force): Unit 05

• Aim: To give basic knowledge of air navigation
• Scope: Use of maps and fundamentals of map reading from the air, maps

Computer application: Unit 01

• Internet: World wide web, web servers, web clients, web sites, web pages, web browsers, blogs, news groups, HTML, web address, e-mail address, downloading and uploading files from a remote site
• Internet protocols: TCP/IP, SMTP, POP3, HTTP, HTTPS. Remote login and file transfer protocols-SSH, SFTP, FTP, SCP, TELNET, SMTP, TCP/IP
• Services available on the internet: information retrieval, locating sites using search engines and finding people on the net
• Web services: chat, email, video conferencing, e-learning, e-banking, e-shopping, e-reservation, e-governance, e-groups, social networking
• Mobile technologies: SMS, MMS, 3G, 4G

Computer application: Unit 02

• Introduction to web page designing using HTML: Create and save an HTML document, access a web page using a web browser.
• Introduction to web page designing using HTML: HTML tags-html, head, title, body, (attributes: text, background, bgcolor, link, vlink, alink), br (break), hr(horizontal rule), inserting comments, h1..h6 (heading) p (paragraph)
• Introduction to web page designing using HTML: b)-(bold), i (italics), u (underline)
• Introduction to web page designing using HTML: ul (unordered list), ol (ordered list), and li (list item), description lists- dl, dt and dd. Attributes of ol (start, type), ul (type)
• Font tags (attributes-face, size, color)
• Insert images-img (attributes- src, width, height, alt), sup (super script), sub (subscript)
• HTML forms: Textbox, radio buttons, checkbox, password, list, combobox
• Embed audio and video in a HTML page
• Create a table using the tags-table, tr, th, td, rowspan, colspan
• Links: Significance of linking, anchor element (attributes: href, mailto), targets
• Cascading style sheets: Colour, background-colour, border-style, margin, height, width, outline, font (family, style, size), align, float

Computer application: Unit 03

• Netiquette
• Software licenses and the open source software movement
• Intellectual property rights, plagiarism and digital property rights
• Freedom of information and the digital divide
• E-commerce: Privacy, fraud, secure data transmission

Computer application: Unit 04

• Create static web pages
• Use style sheets to enforce a format in an HTML page (CSS)
• Embed pictures, audio and videos in an HTML page
• Add tables and frames in an HTML page
• Decorate web pages using graphical elements
• Create a website using several web pages
• students may use any open source or proprietary tool
• Work with HTML forms: text box, radio buttons, checkbox, password, list, combo box
• Write a blog using HTML pages discussing viruses, malware, spam and antiviruses
• Create a web page discussing plagiarism
• List some reported cases of plagiarism and the consequent punishment meted out
• Explain the nature of the punishment in different countries as per their IP laws

Elements of business: Unit 01

• Meaning and Features

Elements of business: Unit 02

• Owned and borrowed funds

Elements of business: Unit 03

• Meaning and methods: Letter, e-mail, video conferencing, telephone

Elements of business: Unit 04

• Concept of purchase and sale
• Types-cash, credit, hire purchase system and installment payment system

Elements of business: Unit 05

• Forms of large scale retail trade-departmental store and multiple shops
• Non-store retailing-mail order business, teleshopping, automated vending machines, selling through internet

Elements of business: Unit 06

• Personal selling-meaning and importance
• Sales promotion-meaning and techniques
• Advertising-meaning, importance and media of advertising

Elements of book keeping and accountancy: Unit 01

• Capital and revenue receipts, capital and revenue expenditure and deferred revenue expenditure

Elements of book keeping and accountancy: Unit 02

• Need and methods of charging depreciation-straight line and Diminishing balance method (no change in the method)

Elements of book keeping and accountancy: Unit 03

• Meaning preparation of brs with the given cash book / pass book balance

Elements of book keeping and accountancy: Unit 04

• Nature and use of bills of exchange, terms used in bills of exchange
• Simple transactions related to bills of exchange (No dishonour, retiring & renewal of the bill)

Elements of book keeping and accountancy: Unit 05

• Preparation of trading and profit & loss account and balance sheet of sole trader
• Adjustment for closing stock only. [amount of closing stock to be given]

Elements of book keeping and accountancy: Unit 06

• Meaning; preparation of statement of profit, statement of affairs. [statement of affairs method only]