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RBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2026 Released – Check Latest Rajasthan Board 12th Bio Chapters & Marking
Every year, the Rajasthan Board of Secondary Education (RBSE) releases the RBSE Class 12 biology syllabus 2026. The board released the Class 12 biology syllabus on the official website, rajeduboard.rajasthan.gov.in/. The RBSE 12th biology syllabus is divided into five units with a total of 13 chapters. The overall marking scheme is 100 marks, with 70 marks allotted for the RBSE 12th theory paper and the remaining 30 marks for practical work, which includes a combination of sessional and lab components.
This Story also Contains
- Detailed RBSE 12th Biology Syllabus 2026
- RBSE 12th Biology Practical Part Syllabus
- Prescribed Book for RBSE 12th Biology
Detailed RBSE 12th Biology Syllabus 2026
RBSE 12th biology syllabus Units 1 to 5 are covered under the Class XI syllabus, while Units 6 to 10 are included in the Rajasthan Board 12th biology syllabus. The RBSE 12th bio syllabus is fully based on the NCERT textbook, which the board officially recommends. Moreover, the CBSE 12th biology syllabus and RBSE 12th Biology syllabi are almost similar, so students will not face issues accessing study materials or online resources. This RBSE 12th biology syllabus also aligns well with competitive medical exam preparation, such as NEET.
Unit 6 – Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Flower- A Fascinating organ of Angiosperms, Pre-fertilisation: structures and events, Stamens, Microsporangium and Pollen grain, The pistil, Megasporangium and Embryosac, Pollination, Double fertilisation, Post-fertilisation: structures and events- Endosperm, Embryo, Seed, Apomixis and Polyembryony.
Human Reproduction
The Male Reproductive System, The Female Reproductive System, Gametogenesis, Menstrual Cycle, Fertilisation and Implantation, Pregnancy and Embryonic Development, Parturition and Lactation.
Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health–Problems and Strategies, Population Stabilisation and Birth Control, Medical Termination of Pregnancy, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Infertility
Unit 7: Genetics and Evolution
Principles of Inheritance & Variation
Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance, Inheritance of One Gene- Law of Dominance, Law of Segregation (Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance) Inheritance of Two Genes- Law of Independent Assortment, Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, Linkage and Recombination, Polygenic Inheritance, Pleiotropy, Sex Determination- Sex Determination in Honey Bee and Humans, Mutation, Genetic Disorders- Pedigree Analysis, Mendelian Disorders- (Colour Blindness, Haemophilia, Sickle-cell anaemia, Phenylketonuria, Thalassemia, Chromosomal Disorders).
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
The DNA -Structure of Polynucleotide chain, Packaging of DNA helix, The Search for Genetic MaterialThe Genetic material is DNA, Properties of Genetic material, RNA world, Replication - The Experimental proof, The Machinery and the Enzymes, Transcription - Transcription unit, Transcription unit and the Gene, Types of RNA and the process of transcription, Genetic Code- Mutation and Genetic code, tRNAThe adapter molecule, Translation, Regulation of Gene Expression- The Lac Operon, Human Genome Project- Salient features of Human genome, Applications and future challenges, DNA Fingerprinting.
Evolution
Origin of Life, Evolution of Life Forms – A theory, Evidences for Evolution, Adaptive Radiation, Biological Evolution, Mechanism of Evolution, Hardy–Weinberg Principle, A Brief Account of Evolution, Origin and Evolution of Man.
Unit 8 Biology in Human Welfare
Human Health & Disease
Common Diseases in Humans, Immunity - Innate Immunity, Acquired Immunity, Active and Passive Immunity, Vaccination and Immunisation, Allergies, Auto Immunity, Immune System in the body, AIDS, Cancer, Drugs and Alcohol abuse- Adolescence and Drug/Alcohol abuse, Addiction and dependence, effects of drug/alcohol abuse, Prevention and control.
Microbes in Human Welfare
Microbes in Household Products, Microbes in industrial products- Fermented beverages, Antibiotics, Chemicals, Enzymes and other bioactive molecules, Microbes in Sewage Treatment, Microbes in Production of Biogas, Microbes as Biocontrol Agents , Microbes as Biofertilisers.
Unit 9 – Biotechnology
Principles & Process of Biotechnology
Principles of Biotechnology, Tools of recombinant DNA Technology-Restriction Enzymes, Cloning vectors, Competent host (For Transformation with Recombinant DNA), Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology-Isolation of the Genetic material (DNA), Cutting of DNA at specific locations, Amplification of Gene of interest using PCR, Insertion of Recombinant DNA into the Host Cell/Organism, Obtaining the foreign Gene product, Downstream processing.
Biotechnology & Its Applications
Biotechnological applications in Agriculture, Biotechnological applications in Medicine-Genetically engineered Insulin, Gene Therapy, Molecular diagnosis, Transgenic animals, Ethical issues.
Unit 10 – Ecology
Organisms & Populations
Populations - Population Attributes, Population Growth, Life History Variation, Population Interactions
Ecosystem Ecology
Ecosystem–Structure and Function, Productivity, Decomposition, Energy Flow, Ecological Pyramids.
Biodiversity & Conservation
Biodiversity- Biodiversity on Earth and in India, Patterns of Biodiversity, The importance of species diversity to the Ecosystem, Loss of Biodiversity, Biodiversity Conservation.
Rajasthan Board 12th Syllabus: English & Hindi
RBSE Class 12 Biology Chapter Wise PDF
The RBSE 12th biology theory exam is worth 56 marks, with an additional 14 marks for sessional assessment. The highest weightage is given to the units on "Human Health and Disease" and "Molecular Basis of Inheritance," with questions from each unit being worth 6 marks. There is also a practical exam, which is worth 30 marks.
Chapter 1 - Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Chapter 2 - Human Reproduction
Chapter 3 - Reproductive Health
Chapter 4 - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Chapter 5 - Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Chapter 6 - Evolution
Chapter 7 - Human Health and Disease
Chapter 8 - Microbes in Human Welfare
Chapter 9 - Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
Chapter 10 -Biotechnology and its Applications
Chapter 11 - Organisms and Populations
Chapter 12 - Ecosystem
Chapter 13 - Biodiversity and Conservation
RBSE 12th Biology Practical Part Syllabus
Prescribed Book for RBSE 12th Biology
The Rajasthan Board officially prescribes the NCERT Class 12 Biology textbook, aligning the state RBSE 12th biology syllabus exactly with the nationally recommended NCERT content. The NCERT books are known for clear and easy-to-understand language, making even complex biological concepts accessible to students.
These Class 12th Biology NCERT textbooks are considered essential resources for NEET and other medical/competitive examinations, as a large percentage of questions are drawn directly or indirectly from NCERT content.
Additionally, Unit X (Ecology) in NCERT Class 12 is important for UPSC Civil Services exam preparation, frequently covering questions on biodiversity, environmental policy, and conservation strategies, covering the UPSC environment and ecology syllabus.
Finally, the examples and explanations offered in NCERT textbooks aren’t purely academic; they link biological principles to real-world applications in health, agriculture, and environmental science, making the content valuable beyond classroom exams and strengthening practical understanding
Recommended eBooks
Related eBooks & Sample Papers
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: Where can I find the official RBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus for 2026?
A:
Students can check on the official RBSE website (rajeduboard.rajasthan.gov.in) to download the latest Class 12 Biology syllabus PDF or from this page as well.
Q: How many chapters are in Biology class 12 in 2026?
A:
The CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus for the 2025-26 academic year comprises 13 chapters, organised into 5 units.
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HELLO,
Yes, you can fill the RBSE (Rajasthan Board of Secondary Education) improvement exam application form yourself .You can apply for the improvement exam online through the official RBSE website. You will need to locate the application form which is usually available after the results are announced and then fill it out with your details and the subject you wish to improve.
Here is the step by step guidance to fill the application form :-
1.Visit the official website of RBSE - rajeduboard.rajasthan.gov (//rajeduboard.rajasthan.gov) .in
2.Check for "improvement exam form notification under the latest updates
3.Download and open the online application form
4.Fill in your details carefully- Like your Roll number , Name , Subjects for improvement, year of passing etc.
5.Upload required documents like your marksheet and admit card if asked
6.You need to pay the exam fee online through available payment options
7.Submit the form and take a printout for future reference
Hope this will Help!
The State Talent Search Examination (STSE) in Rajasthan, conducted by the RBSE, aims to identify talented students in classes 10 and 12. The STSE exam pattern includes Mental Ability Test (MAT), Language Ability Test, and Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). For the General category, the expected cutoff for the STSE exam in Rajasthan ranges from 175-185,
STSE in Rajasthan:
The STSE is a state-level scholarship exam organized by the Rajasthan Board of Secondary Education (RBSE) to recognize and support talented students in science.
Eligibility:
Students in classes 10 and 12 who have secured at least 50% marks in the previous class (Class 9 for class 10, Class 11 for class 12) are eligible to appear for the STSE.
Exam Details:
The STSE exam is typically conducted in offline mode with objective-type questions. The exam includes sections on Mental Ability, Language Ability, and Scholastic Aptitude.
Cutoff:
The cutoff for the General category in the STSE Rajasthan exam is expected to be around 175-185, according to Careers360.
Scholarships:
Successful candidates in STSE receive scholarships to support their education at higher secondary, undergraduate, and postgraduate levels.
Hii,
After completing 12th grade arts (English medium, RBSE), you can pursue a BCA degree. While many private colleges accept students in the arts, some may require math or computer as a 12th grade subject. Before applying, simply review the college's rules.
Since BCA is about computers, you should be interested in learning software and coding. Even if you have an arts background, you can succeed in BCA if you put in the necessary effort.
Hello,
If you took your RBSE Class 12 exams in March 2025 and wish to improve your scores, you can appear for improvement exams in 2026 . RBSE allows students to take improvement exams in all five major subjects.
The improvement exams are typically held alongside the regular board exams of the following academic year. To apply, you'll need to fill out the improvement exam form, which is usually released after the announcement of the current year's results.
Hope it helps !
Hello,
The Rajasthan Board of Secondary Education (RBSE) requires Class 12 students to secure at least 33% marks in each subject to pass. While RBSE has not officially detailed a grace mark system, it may award grace marks to students who are slightly short of passing marks, as per the board's rules and regulations. However, the number of grace marks is limited, and students should not rely on them.
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