TBSE Madhyamik Exam 2025 - Routine, Syllabus, Model Papers, Result

English: Unit 01

• Factual passage
• Discursive passage

English: Unit 02

• Formal letter to editor
• Short story
• Gap filling
• Editing or omission
• Sentences
• Grammar: Tenses, modals, subject-verb concord, reporting: (i) Commands and requests, (ii) statements, (iii) questions, determiners, prepositions

English: Unit 03

• Prose; (i) A letter to God, (ii) Nelson Mandela: Long walk to freedom, (iii) From the diary of Anne Frank, (iv) Glimpses of India, (v) The sermon at Benares
• Poetry: (i) Dust of snow, (ii) Fire and ice, (iii) A tiger in the zoo, (iv) The trees, (v) Fog

English: Unit 04

• Content: (i) A triumph of surgery, (ii) A question of trust, (iii) Footprints without feet, (iv) The necklace, (v) Bholi

Bengali: Unit 01

Bengali: Unit 02

Bengali: Unit 03

Bengali: Unit 04

Bengali: Unit 05

Bengali: Unit 06

Bengali: Unit 07

Mizo: Unit 01

Mizo: Unit 02

Mizo: Unit 03

Mizo: Unit 04

Mizo: Unit 05

Mizo: Unit 06

Science (Biology): Unit 01

• Life process: Living being, basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport, and excretion in plants and animals
• Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual), reproductive health-need and methods of family planning, safe sex vs. HIV/ AIDS, childbearing and women’s health
• Heredity: Heredity, Mendel's contribution-laws of inheritance of traits, sex determination: Brief introduction

Science (Biology): Unit 02

• Our environment: Ecosystem, environmental problems, ozone depletion, Koste production and their solutions, biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances

Science (Chemistry): Unit 01

• Chemical reactions: Chemical equation, balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical equation, types of chemical reactions: Combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, neutralization
• Chemical reactions: Oxidation and reduction
• Acids, bases, and salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H⁺ and OH⁻ ions, general properties, examples and uses, concept of pH scale (definition relating to logarithm not required), importance of pH in everyday life
• Acids, bases, and salts: Preparation and uses of sodium hydroxide, bleaching powder, baking soda, washing soda and plaster of Paris
• Metals and nonmetals: Properties of metals and non-metals; reactivity series; formation and properties of ionic compounds; basic metallurgical processes
• Carbon compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds. Versatile nature of carbon. Homologous series. Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes, and alkynes)
• Carbon compounds: Difference between saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition, and substitution reaction)
• Periodic classification of elements: Need for classification, early attempts at classification of elements (Dobereiner’s Triads, Newland’s Law of octaves, Mendeleev’s periodic table), modern periodic table, gradation in properties, valency, atomic number
• Periodic classification of elements: Metallic and non-metallic properties

Science (Physics): Unit 01

• Light-reflection and refraction: Reflection of light by curved surfaces, Images formed by spherical mirrors, centre of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (derivation not required), magnification. Refraction
• Light-reflection and refraction: Laws of refraction, refractive index. Refraction of light by spherical lens; image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula (Derivation not required); Magnification, Power of a lens
• The human eye and colourful world: Refraction of light through a prism, dispersion of light

Science (Physics): Unit 02

• Electricity: Electric current, potential difference and electric current. Ohm’s law; resistance, resistivity, factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life
• Electricity: Electric power, interrelation between P, V, I, and R
• Magnetic effects of current: Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying conductor, force on current carrying conductor, Fleming’s left hand rule, electromagnetic induction. Induced potential difference, induced current
• Magnetic effects of current: Fleming’s right hand rule

Social science (Geography): Unit 01

• Resource and development: Types of resources, development of resources, resource planning in India, land resources, land utilization, land use pattern in India, land degradation and conservation measures, soil as a resource, classification of soils
• Resource and development: Soil erosion and soil conservation
• Agriculture: Types of farming, cropping pattern, major crops, technological and institutional reforms, impact of globalization on agriculture
• Manufacturing industries: Importance of manufacturing, contribution of industry to national economy, industrial location, classification of industries, spatial distribution, industrial pollution and environmental degradation
• Manufacturing industries: Control of environmental degradation
• Life lines of national economy: Transport-roadways, railways, pipelines, waterways, airways, communication, international trade, tourism as a trade

Social science (Economics): Unit 01

• Development: What development promises different people different goals, income and other goals, national development, how to compare different countries or states?, income and other criteria, public facilities, sustainability of development
• Sectors of the Indian economy: Sectors of economic activities, comparing the three sectors, primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors in India, division of sectors as organized and unorganized, sectors in terms of ownership-public and private sectors
• Money and credit: Money as a medium of exchange, modern forms of money, loan activities of banks, two different credit situations, terms of credit, formal sector credit in India, self help groups for the poor
• Consumer rights

Social science (Political science): Unit 01

• Power sharing: Case studies of Belgium and Sri Lanka, why power sharing is desirable?, forms of power sharing
• Federalism: What is federalism?, what make India a federal country?, how is federalism practiced?, decentralization in India
• Political parties: Why do we need political parties?, how many parties should we have?, national political parties, state parties, challenges to political parties, how can parties be reformed
• Outcomes of democracy: How do we assess democracy’s outcomes?, accountable, responsive, and legitimate government, economic growth and development, reduction of inequality and poverty, accommodation of social diversity, dignity and freedom of the citizens

Social science (History): Unit 01

• The rise of nationalism in Europe: The French revolution and the idea of the nation, the making of nationalism in Europe, the age of revolutions: 1830-1848, the making of Germany and Italy, visualizing the nation, nationalism and imperialism
• Nationalism in India: The first World War, Khilafat and non-cooperation, differing strands within the movement, towards civil disobedience, the sense of collective belonging
• The making of a global world: The pre-modern world, the nineteenth century (1815-1914), the inter war economy, rebuilding a world economy: The post-war era
• The age of industrialization: Before the industrial revolution, hand labour, and steam power, industrialization in the colonies, factories come up, the peculiarities of industrial growth, market for goods

Mathematics (standard): Unit 01

• Polynomials: Zeros of a polynomial. Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials. Statement and simple problems on division algorithm for polynomials with real coefficients
• Pair of linear equations in two variables: Pair of linear equations in two variables and graphical method of their solution. Algebraic conditions for number of solutions. Solution of a pair of linear equations in two variable algebraically-by substitution
• Pair of linear equations in two variables: olution of a pair of linear equations in two variable algebraically-by elimination and by cross multiplication method. Simple problems on equations reducible reducible to linear equations
• Quadratic equations: Standard form of quadratic equation ax²+bx+c=0, (a=0). Solutions of quadratic equations (only real roots) by factorization and by using quadratic formula. Relationship between discriminant and nature of roots
• Arithmetic progressions: Motivation for studying arithmetic progression derivation of the nth term and sum of the first n terms of A.P.

Mathematics (standard): Unit 02

• Lines (in two-dimension) review: Conceptions of coordinate geometry, graphs of linear equations. Distance formula. Section formula (internal division). Area of a triangle

Mathematics (standard): Unit 03

• Triangles: Definitions, examples, counter examples of similar triangles-(i) (prove) if a line is drawn parallel to one side of triangle to intersect the other two sides in distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio
• Triangles: (ii) (Motivate) if a line divides two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, the line is parallel to the third side
• Triangles: (iii) (Motivate) it in two triangles, the corresponding angles are equal, their corresponding sides are proportional and the triangles are similar
• Triangles: (iv) (Motivate) if the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, their corresponding angles are equal and the two triangles are similar
• Triangles: (v) (Motivate) if one angle of triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and the sides including these angles are proportional, the two triangles are similar
• Triangles: (vi) (Motivate) if a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle of a right triangle to the hypotenuse, the triangles on each side of the perpendicular are similar to the whole triangle and to each other
• Triangles: (vii) (Prove) the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the squares of their corresponding sides. (only theorem)
• Triangles: (viii) (Prove) in a right triangle, the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides
• Triangles: (ix) (Prove) in a triangle, if the square on one side is equal to sum of the squares on the other two sides the angles opposite to the first side is a right angle
• Circles: Tangent to a circle at point of contact
• Circles: (i) (Prove) the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact. (ii) (Prove) the length of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal
• Constructions: (i) Division of a line segment in a given ratio (internally). (ii) Tangents to a circle from a point outside it. (iii) Construction of a triangle similar to a given triangle

Mathematics (standard): Unit 04

• Introduction to trigonometry: Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle. Proof of their existence (well defined), motivate the ratios whichever are defined at 0° and 90°. Values of the trigonometric ratios of 30°, 45°, and 60°
• Introduction to trigonometry: Relationships between the ratios. Trigonometric ratios of complementary angles
• Heights and distances: Angle of elevation, angle of depression simple problems on heights and distances. Problems should no involve more than two right triangles. Angles of elevation/ depression should be only 30°, 45°, 60°

Mathematics (standard): Unit 05

• Areas related to circles: Motivate the area of circle, area of sectors and segments of a circle. Problems based on areas and perimeter/ circumference of the above plane figures
• Areas related to circles: (In calculating area of segment of a circle. Problems should be restricted to central angle of 60°, 90°)
• Surface areas and volumes: (i) Surface areas and volumes of combinations of any two of the following: Cubes, cuboids, spheres, hemispheres and right circular cylinders/ cones
• Surface areas and volumes: (ii) Problems involving converting one type of metallic solid into another and other mixed problems. (Problems with combination of not more than two different solids be taken)

Mathematics (standard): Unit 06

• Statistics: Mean, median and mode of grouped data (bimodal situation to be avoided)
• Probability: Classical definition of probability. Simple problems on finding the probability of an event

Mathematics (basic): Unit 01

• Real number: Fundamental theorem of arithmetic-statements after reviewing work done earlier and after illustrating and motivating through examples
• Real number: Proofs of irrationality of decimal representation of rational numbers in terms of terminating/ non-terminating recurring decimals

Mathematics (basic): Unit 02

• Polynomials: Zeros of a polynomial. Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials. Statement and simple problems on with real coefficients
• Pair of linear equations in two variables: Pair of linear equations in two variables and graphical method of their solution, consistency/ inconsistency. Algebraic conditions for number of solutions
• Pair of linear equations in two variables: Solution of a pair of linear equations in two variables algebraically-by substitution, by elimination and by cross multiplication method. Simple situational problems
• Pair of linear equations in two variables: Simple problems on equations reducible to linear equations
• Quadratic equations: Standard form of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, (a ≠ 0). Solutions of quadratic equations (only real roots) by factorization, and by using quadratic formula. Relationship between discriminant and nature of roots
• Arithmetic progression: Motivation for studying arithmetic progression derivation of the nth term and their application in solving daily life problems

Mathematics (basic): Unit 03

• Lines (in two dimensions): Review-concepts of coordinate geometry, graphs of linear equations. Distance formula. Section formula (internal division). Area of a triangle

Mathematics (basic): Unit 04

• Triangles: Definitions, examples, counter examples of similar triangles-(i) (prove) if a line is drawn parallel to one side of triangle to intersect the other two sides in distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio
• Triangles: (ii) (Motivate) if a line divides two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, the line is parallel to the third side
• Triangles: (iii) (Motivate) it in two triangles, the corresponding angles are equal, their corresponding sides are proportional and the triangles are similar
• Triangles: (iv) (Motivate) if the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, their corresponding angles are equal and the two triangles are similar
• Triangles: (v) (Motivate) if one angle of triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and the sides including these angles are proportional, the two triangles are similar
• Triangles: (vi) (Motivate) if a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle of a right triangle to the hypotenuse, the triangles on each side of the perpendicular are similar to the whole triangle and to each other
• Triangles: (vii) (Prove) the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the squares of their corresponding sides. (only theorem)
• Triangles: (viii) (Prove) in a right triangle, the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides
• Triangles: (ix) (Prove) in a triangle, if the square on one side is equal to sum of the squares on the other two sides the angles opposite to the first side is a right angle
• Circles: Tangent to a circle at point of contact
• Circles: (i) (Prove) the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact. (ii) (Prove) the length of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal
• Constructions: (i) Division of a line segment in a given ratio (internally). (ii) Tangents to a circle from a point outside it. (iii) Construction of a triangle similar to a given triangle

Mathematics (basic): Unit 05

• Introduction to trigonometry: Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle. Proof of their existence (well defined), motivate the ratios whichever are defined at 0° and 90°. Values of the trigonometric ratios of 30°, 45° and 60°
• Introduction to trigonometry: Relationships between the ratios. Trigonometric ratios of complementary angles
• Heights and distances: Angle of elevation, angle of depression simple problems on heights and distances. Problems should no involve more than two right triangles. Angles of elevation/ depression should be only 30°, 45°, 60°

Mathematics (basic): Unit 06

• Areas related to circles: Motivate the area of a circle; problems based on areas and perimeter / circumference of the above said plane figures
• Areas related to circles: (In calculating area of segment of a circle, problems should be restricted to central angle of 60°, 90°, and 120°only)
• Surface areas and volumes: (i) Surface areas of combinations of any two of the following-cubes, cuboids, spheres, hemispheres, and right circular cylinders/ cones
• Surface areas and volumes: (ii) Problems involving into other mixed problems. (Problems with combination of not more than two different solids be taken)

Mathematics (basic): Unit 07

• Statistics: Mean, median, and mode of grouped data (bimodal situation to be avoided)
• Probability: Classical definition of probability. Simple problems on finding the probability of an event

IT-ITeS (domestic data entry operator): Unit 01

• Insert and use images in the document, create and use template, create table of contents

IT-ITeS (domestic data entry operator): Unit 02

• Link spreadsheet data
• Share and review a spreadsheet
• Using the macro reader, creating simple macro

IT-ITeS (domestic data entry operator): Unit 03

• Appreciate the concept of database management system, creating a table using table wizard, perform operations on table, retrieve data using query

IT-ITeS (domestic data entry operator): Unit 04

• Maintain workplace safety, prevent accidents and emergencies, protect health and safety at work

T-ITeS, agriculture, electronics, and hardware: Unit 01

• Methods of communication, communication cycle, importance of feedback, barriers, ways to overcome barriers

T-ITeS, agriculture, electronics, and hardware: Unit 02

• Stress and stress management, emotional intelligence, self motivation, goal setting, time management

T-ITeS, agriculture, electronics, and hardware: Unit 03

• Basic file operations, basic tips for taking care of devices, maintenance schedule, back up, scanning, computer security intro, threat to computer, protecting data

T-ITeS, agriculture, electronics, and hardware: Unit 04

• Functions of entrepreneurs, myths about entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship as a career option, self employment, career process

T-ITeS, agriculture, electronics, and hardware: Unit 05

• Problems related to sustainable development, sustainable development goals, sustainable development initiatives, sustainable processes, our role in sustainable development

Electronics and hardware: Unit 01

• Introduction, need for overcurrent protection devices, overcurrent protective devices-fuse and its working principle, identify parts of fuse, rating, relay, types of relay, identify parts of relay, circuit breaker, parameters of circuit breaker
• Electric, and magnetic field, electromagnetic induction, Fleming left hand rule, Lenz's law, winding, single phase supply system, motor, and its working principle, motor types, RPM of motor, special motor-universal motor

Electronics and hardware: Unit 02

• Identify faults in mixer, juicer, grinder on the basis of symptoms, replace dysfunctional module in mixture, juicer, grinder, confirmed functionality of repaired mixer/ juicer/ grinder

Electronics and hardware: Unit 03

• Identify faults in microwave oven on the basis of symptoms, replace dysfunctional module in microwave oven, confirm functionality of prepared microwave oven

Electronics and hardware: Unit 04

• Electrical hazard, fire extinguisher, first aid for electrical emergency, use of different safety equipments

Agriculture (solanaceous crop cultivator): Unit 01

• Irrigation and micro-irrigation, quality of irrigation water, quantity of water required for the specific crop and its effect on its yield, frequency of irrigation required at various stage of plant growth, characteristics of good irrigation systems
• Different types of irrigation system available, quantity of water required for the specific crop and its effect on its yield, frequency of irrigation required at various stage of plant growth
• Various types of micro irrigation equipments to be used (misters, drippers, sprinklers, foggers, etc), relative advantages and disadvantages of irrigation equipments, suitability of different methods of irrigation
• Advantage and disadvantage of methods of irrigation, critical stages of irrigation in vegetable crops, selection of the best time of the day to irrigate the crops

Agriculture (solanaceous crop cultivator): Unit 02

• Define weeds, major weeds of vegetable crops, types of weed, and their efficient control methods, advantages and disadvantages of weeding methods (herbicide and mechanical), critical stages of weed control (first weeding time)
• Use of different methods to control weeds such as plastic mulch, procedures involved in soil solarization